Expana is pleased to announce the launch of comprehensive global coverage of the feed-grade vitamin B12 and choline chloride markets. This new coverage will span Asia, Europe, North America, and South America, with reports published weekly on Tuesdays (choline chloride) or Thursdays (vitamin B12). This initiative follows the successful launch of China feed phosphate export prices earlier this year.
“Based on an evaluation of vitamin and mineral volumes and market values, we've identified vitamin B12 and choline chloride as key products for developing in-depth coverage due to their high volumes, significant market value, and indispensable role in animal nutrition,” said Sam Weatherlake, Managing Editor, Feed Additives. “By covering these nutrients, we can help feed compounders better predict costs and ensure they get global insight on the most impactful nutrients.”
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is crucial for monogastric animals. It is mainly produced through microbial processes involving fermentation and chemical reactions with potassium and sodium nitrite. Most of the vitamin B12 used in animal feed is synthetic due to its cost-effectiveness, stability, and longer shelf life compared to natural sources. There is also ongoing exploration of supplementing ruminants with vitamin B12 instead of cobalt.
The vitamin is typically supplied in two concentrations: 1% for pre-mixers and 0.1% for feed compounders. The 1% concentration is the most common, as it is usually incorporated into premixes rather than used directly by feed mills. The pure form is mainly purchased by companies to produce the 1% concentration.
Choline Chloride
Choline chloride is vital for metabolism and is made by reacting ethylene oxide, hydrochloric acid, and trimethylamine (TMA). It comes in four forms for animal feed:
- Liquid (75% concentration)
- 70% on corn cob carrier
- 60% on corn cob carrier (most popular)
- 50% on silica carrier
In Europe, choline chloride must contain very low levels of ethylene oxide, with strict limits of 0.1 mg per kg in the product and 0.02 mg per kg in compound feed. Not all producers can meet these standards, so some choline chloride imports to Europe are redirected elsewhere.
There is a clear correlation between methanol, ammonia, and choline chloride prices. The main cost driver of choline chloride production is TMA, which is synthesized by the reaction of ammonia and methanol. Choline chloride prices are accordingly correlated to the TMA production cost and, therefore, to ammonia and methanol prices.
“Trace minerals and vitamins form the foundational building blocks for premixers, encapsulating the essence of a premix company’s role in blending these nutrients adeptly,” said Heather Doyle, Senior Market Reporter, North America. “Given the growing trend for compound feed producers to integrate premix production capacities and develop their own unique blends, Expana’s reporting on these feed additives becomes increasingly crucial.”
